The rapid increase in lithium prices in recent months and the supply problem have accelerated battery manufacturers’ alternative production plans. Companies gradually began to take steps for sodium batteries, which are very similar to lithium batteries. Lithium, formerly used in batteries and batteries for electronic devices, has become the cornerstone of electric and hybrid car technology in recent years, causing rapid increases in the price of lithium with limited reserves. According to S&P Global Commodity Insights, rising battery demand has pushed lithium prices up nearly 450 percent year over year. These developments successively brought statements that investment in the production of sodium batteries would increase.
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500 TIMES MORE THAN LITHIUM
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While China is already adding sodium batteries to its national energy plan; Chinese battery maker CATL plans to start producing sodium batteries next year. China has announced that it will launch its first electric two-wheeler powered by Niu sodium batteries next year. The British company Farradion has also been focusing on sodium batteries since 2011. US-based Natron Energy, one of the leaders in sodium battery manufacturing, is one of the first names to come to mind when it comes to commercializing sodium battery technology. It states that sodium batteries can be charged to 80 percent in 15 minutes at room temperature. The fact that sodium is more abundant than the metals used in lithium batteries makes it cheaper. The world’s current abundance of sodium is about 500 times that of lithium.
“WE CAN EXCELL AT SODIUM”
The increasing global demand for sodium batteries is also of interest to Turkey. Rüstem Çetinkaya, President of the Istanbul Mineral Exporters’ Association (İMİB), stated that as the use of sodium batteries increases, the production of sodium-bearing mines will also increase. Çetinkaya said that with the widespread use of sodium batteries, electric car prices could drop significantly, saying: “Sodium-ion batteries can replace lithium-ion batteries used in mobile devices such as laptops and phones. With the production of salt (halite) and trona in many provinces, especially in Çankırı, Çorum, Konya and Mersin, our country can play an important role in the sectors using sodium batteries. Last year, China became the world’s largest salt producer. Turkey took 11th place. The United States was the largest producer of Trona in the same period. Turkey, on the other hand, ranked second among the top 5 countries.
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“WE ARE ON THE WAY”
Stanislav Fedotov, a faculty member at Skoltech who conducted joint studies with MIT up until the Russian invasion of Ukraine, explained that many tech giants invested heavily by introducing their first products to sodium batteries: an alternative. Sodium should create an important area of application, especially for vehicles in local public transport, trucks, trains and agricultural machinery. The fact that it can be stored at zero volts can also be beneficial for mostly stored wind and solar energy.” Jason Zheng, who continues his work as a researcher at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, where more than 5,000 scientists and engineers in the USA, explained that the road to sodium batteries is still in its infancy, saying, “With our research, we have seen that we can extend the life of sodium batteries. “If sodium batteries are commercialized, they can play an important role in light electric vehicles and renewable energy storage.”
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